Summary
This Technical Brochure reviews developments in the synchrophasor measurement technology and standards, presents the trends in system architecture, data integration frameworks and protocols, shares the experiences of operationally deployed synchrophasor applications and best practices, examines potential new applications at various stages of research and development, discusses trends and technologies that support the needs of future grids, identifies technology gaps, and proposes areas for further research.
Table of content
1. Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Need for the Review
1.3 Objectives and Scope of the Report
1.4 Organization of the Report
1.5 References for Chapter 1
2. Advancements in the Technology and Standards
2.1 Synchrophasor-based Wide Area Measurement System
2.2 Standards
2.3 Time Synchronisation
2.4 Phasor Measurement Units
2.5 Data Concentration
2.6 Testing, Verification and Commissioning of PMU/PDC
2.7 Security and Certification of Synchrophasor Systems
2.8 Chapter Conclusion
2.9 References for Chapter 2
3. System Architecture, Data Integration & Protocols
3.1 Data Communication Networks
3.2 System Architecture
3.3 SCADA/EMS and WAMS Integration
3.4 System Architecture Examples
3.5 Data Validation
3.6 Chapter Conclusion
3.7 References for Chapter 3
4. Applications Deployed in the Industry
4.1 Improved Situational Awareness
4.2 Post-event analysis
4.3 PMU-enhanced State Estimation
4.4 Oscillation Monitoring
4.5 Long-term Voltage Stability Monitoring
4.6 Model Validation and Calibration
4.7 Controller Tuning Requirements and Performance Validation
4.8 Grid Code Compliance Monitoring
4.9 Inertia Estimation
4.10 System Integrity Protection Schemes
4.11 Islanding Detection
4.12 Wide Area Control Systems
4.13 Chapter Conclusions
4.14 References for Chapter 4
5. Potential Applications
5.2 Protection Applications
5.3 Fault Location
5.4 Short-term Voltage Instability Detection
5.5 Transient Instability Detection
5.6 Fast Frequency Control
5.7 Asset management
5.8 Monitoring Geomagnetic Disturbances (GMD)
5.9 Use of Digital Twins for Synchrophasor Application Validation
5.10 Dynamic Line Rating
5.11 Chapter Conclusions
5.12 References for Chapter 5
6. Outlook for next 5-10 years
6.1 Cloud-based Implementations
6.2 Role of Data Science, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
6.3 Synergies with Synchronised Waveform Monitoring
6.4 Technology Gaps
6.5 Potential Research Areas for the Future
6.6 Chapter Conclusions
6.7 References for Chapter 6
7. Conclusions
APPENDIX A. Security requirements for Bulk Cyber Assets
Additional informations
| Publication type | Technical Brochures |
|---|---|
| Reference | 975 |
| Publication year | |
| Publisher | CIGRE |
| ISBN | 978-2-85873-680-5 |
| Study committees |
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| Working groups | JWG C4/C2.62 |
| File size | 12 MB |
| Pages number | 170 |
| Price for non member | 300 € |
| Price for member | Free |
