Global Solution Framework for PCM-Based Thermal Management in Renewable-Energy-Powered Data Centers

However, the extreme climatic conditions in desert-gobi areas pose substantial challenges for data center thermal management. Characterized by dry air and high daytime temperatures, these regions subject equipment to intense thermal loads, followed by drastic nocturnal temperature swings that complicate heat dissipation. Traditional cooling strategies struggle to meet the dynamic demands of such conditions. In response, this paper proposes integrating phase change materials (PCM) into the thermal system architecture. To further enable coordinated control, a globally thermo-electric co-optimization framework is developed. This model performs a unified solution of thermal and electrical networks, overcoming the limitations of conventional decoupled strategies. Additionally, a dynamic temperature feedback mechanism is embedded to ensure thermal safety. Compared to traditional layered approaches, this framework significantly reduces information exchange cycles and avoids suboptimal traps, systematically addressing the dual challenges of energy efficiency and thermal management under extreme climates.