Summary

The growing presence of large power‑electronic loads—such as data centers, EV charging systems, and hydrogen electrolyzers—is changing the dynamic behavior of modern power grids. Unlike traditional motor-based loads, these devices draw power through fast‑acting converters, allowing rapid shifts in demand that can introduce high‑frequency interactions, oscillations, and new stability concerns. Their behavior can interact with both inverter-based resources and synchronous machines, increasing the lik elihood of resonance and reduced damping.

To evaluate these emerging challenges, this work applies a combined impedance‑based and small‑signal analysis approach. Frequency-domain impedance scanning tools provides a quick method to identify resonant conditions and locate areas where stability margins may be weak.

Complementary eigenvalue analysis offers a fast analytical perspective on system modes, damping characteristics, and component influence through mode shapes and participation factors.

Detailed EMT models of data centers were developed to validate these findings, with eigenvalue results guiding when full EMT simulations are necessary and which features must be preserved in simplified models. Together, these methods create an efficient framework for assessing the stability impacts of emerging electronic loads in increasingly power‑electronics‑dominated grids.

Additional informations

Publication type Session Materials
Reference C4_10859_2026
Publication year
Publisher CIGRE
Country United States of America
Study committees
  • Power system technical performance (C4)
File size 1 MB
Price for non member 30 €
Price for member 30 €

Authors

SUNDARESH Lakshmi - EPRI, United States of America; KONSTANTINOPOULOS Stavros - EPRI, United States of America; PAZ Ben - EPRI, United States of America; RAMASUBRAMANIAN Deepak - EPRI, United States of America; DUTTA Sudipta - EPRI, United States of America; MITRA Parag - EPRI, United States of America

Keywords

Data Center Modelling - EMT Modelling - Phasor Modelling - Impedance-Based Methods - Eigenvalue Methods - Small Signal Stability

Stability Assessment of Large Electronic Loads: Insights from Impedance and Eigenvalue Analyses