Summary
The increasing use of converter-based resources has made stability assessment in modern power systems more challenging, particularly because many devices are available only as black-box models. Conventional eigenvalue-based methods require full dynamic representations, while frequency-domain impedance techniques based on the Generalized Nyquist Criterion (GNC) provide stability insight but do not quantify how much a converter must be retuned to restore stability. This paper introduces the Adaptation Effort Index (AEI), a metric that measures the sensitivity of dominant modes to parameter variations and quantifies the effort required for a converter to reconfigure itself under unstable operating conditions. The AEI combines the
Read more Read lessNyquist Stability Margin obtained from frequency-domain screening with a modal-sensitivity index derived from fitted state-space models synthesized from black-box impedance data. The method is applied to a system comprising a grid-forming and a grid-following converter.
Results show that, although both units can be tuned to stabilize the system, the grid-following converter requires significantly less adaptation effort. The AEI therefore provides a practical and model-agnostic tool for identifying which converter should be reconfigured in converter-dominated grids, offering valuable guidance for system operators and manufacturers.
Additional informations
| Publication type | Session Materials |
|---|---|
| Reference | C4_11553_2026 |
| Publication year | |
| Publisher | CIGRE |
| Country | Spain |
| Study committees |
|
| File size | 1 MB |
| Price for non member | 30 € |
| Price for member | 30 € |
Authors
MARTÍN ALMENTA Macarena - Red Eléctrica, Spain; NUÑO MARTÍNEZ Edgar - Red Eléctrica, Spain; RENEDO Javier - Red Eléctrica, Spain; CORDÓN RODRÍGUEZ Antonio - Red Eléctrica, Spain; GOMIS-BELLMUNT Oriol - CITCEA - UPC, Spain; PRIETO-ARAUJO Eduardo - CITCEA - UPC, Spain
Keywords
black-box models, frequency-domain analysis, impedance-based analysis, impedance identification, stability adaptation effort, stability analysis, stability index, state-space identification, voltage source converters
