Ultra-fast Power Electronics based HVDC Circuit Breaker: A Paradigm Shift towards System Flexibility and advanced Control Features

This paper introduces a high-performance Power Electronics based HVDC Circuit Breaker

(PE DCCB) designed for future-proof HVDC grids. The PE DCCB leverages advanced semiconductor technology to achieve ultra-fast fault neutralization, with breaker operation times around 100 microseconds. This performance feature enables immediate fault current breaking, reduces the need for large DC reactors, and eliminates the necessity for overdimensioned HVDC converters, thereby enhancing system efficiency and expandability.

A key aspect of this development is the Innovation Partnership between German transmission system operators (TSOs) and original equipment manufacturer (OEM). This collaboration accelerates the development of harmonized standards and concepts, systematically addresses technical risks, and ensures that the solutions are robust, reliable, and compatible with future requirements.

The PE DCCB features a modular design based on Current Suppression Device (CSD),

Residual Current Switch (RCS), and an advanced DCCB Control System, allowing additional functionalities such as current limiting modes and flexible adaptation to various system requirements. System analyses confirm that ultra-fast DCCBs reduce converter hardware needs and improve DC grid dynamics.

Currently at the prototype stage, the PE DCCB has demonstrated promising results in laboratory tests. The product development roadmap targets pilot project executions starting from 2028/29.

In summary, the PE DCCB represents an innovative solution for HVDC fault protection, enabling the reliable and efficient integration of multiterminal HVDC grids and supporting the broader energy transition.