Summary

Protecting critical power infrastructure requires reliable detection of activities that threaten cables in urban and submarine environments. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) enables continuous monitoring by capturing vibrations along the cable route. In this work, we analyze signal characteristics for activities that can lead to cable damage, including excavator digging, jackhammering, auger drilling, and diver interference. Based on this analysis, we present a detection framework that combines deep learning and signal processing to enhance adaptability and robustness.

The system is evaluated through real-world tests, demonstrating high detection accuracy for critical threats: perfect detection of excavator digging and jackhammering, partial detection of auger drilling, and successful identification of diver interference and mechanically induced seabed disturbances in submarine conditions. Additionally, we propose a secure data-sharing architecture that enables fast and trustworthy exchange of measurements and ground truth information, accelerating model retraining while adhering to cybersecurity standards. These results confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of DAS-based monitoring for improving cable protection and resilience.

Additional informations

Publication type Session Materials
Reference B1_12445_2026
Publication year
Publisher CIGRE
Country Germany
Study committees
File size 1 MB
Price for non member 30 €
Price for member 30 €

Authors

SFAR ZAOUI Wissem - AP Sensing GmbH, Germany; AGHANOURIAN Negar - AP Sensing GmbH, Germany; DRAPP Bernd - AP Sensing GmbH, Germany; MOCKENHAUPT Daniel - AP Sensing GmbH, Germany; STROHBACH Martin - AP Sensing GmbH, Germany; SYED Saiffuddin - AP Sensing GmbH, Germany; AINHIRN Florian - Wiener Netze GmbH, Austria

Keywords

Artificial Intelligence – Cable Threat Detection – Deep Neural Network – Distributed Acoustic Sensing – Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing – Power Cable Monitoring – Third-Party Intrusion – Critical Infrastructure – CRITIS – NIS2

Fiber Optics for AI-based Cable Threat Detection in Urban and Submarine Environments